| (1) | Contaminated food may cause diseases. Routinely contaminated food may cause mainly gastrointestinal disorders, such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. | |
| • | Food contaminated with a parasitic ovum may cause parasitic diseases. | |
| • | Putrid/poisonous food may produce poisoning symptoms, such as acute severe abdominal pain, vomiting, or diarrhea. | |
| (2) | Contaminated water is an important pathogen in industrialized communities where natural water is contaminated with poisonous, harmful chemicals or other ingredients. Contaminated water may lead to acute or chronic poisoning diseas | |
